What is Opal? Properties, Types, and Meaning

What is opal?

Opal is a unique gemstone known for its brilliant play of colors — also called opalescence or play-of-color. The stone owes its colors to microscopic silica spheres that refract and reflect light, resulting in a spectrum of colors that changes depending on the viewing angle. Opal consists of 3 to 21% water, which makes it more susceptible to dehydration than other gemstones. View our crystal jewelry collection for opal and other special gemstones.

Types of opal

Black opal — with a dark base color and striking play of color, black opal is considered the most valuable variety. Primarily found in Lightning Ridge, Australia. White opal — light base color with subtle play of color. The most common and affordable variety. Fire opal — warm tones of red, orange, and yellow. Originating from Mexico. Sometimes has no play of color but is loved for its fiery base color. Boulder opal — opal that remains in the host rock (ironstone). Unique, organic appearance. Synthetic opal — made in laboratories with the same chemical composition as natural opal. Consistent play of color, affordable, and environmentally friendly. Combine with matching purple jewelry for a mystical, colorful look.

Spiritual meaning of opal

Opal has been associated with creativity, inspiration, and hope for centuries. In ancient Rome, opal was considered the most valuable of all gemstones — a symbol of love and hope. In Arab culture, it was believed that opal fell from the sky during thunderstorms. Today, opal is associated with emotional expression, creativity, and strengthening intuition.

Care for opal jewelry

Opal is relatively soft (Mohs 5.5–6.5) and contains water, which makes it more sensitive than other gemstones. Clean gently with a soft, damp cloth. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners, steam, and harsh chemicals. Do not store in a dry environment — opal can dry out and crack. Avoid prolonged contact with direct sunlight and extreme temperature changes.

Frequently asked questions about opal

What is opalescence?

Opalescence is the play of color visible in opal — a spectrum of colors that changes depending on the viewing angle and light incidence. It is caused by microscopic silica spheres that refract and reflect light like a prism.

What is the difference between natural and synthetic opal?

Natural opal forms in the earth over millions of years and is rarer and more expensive. Synthetic opal is made in laboratories with the same chemical composition. Synthetic opal often has a more consistent and vibrant play of color and is an affordable, environmentally friendly alternative.

Is opal suitable for daily wear?

Opal scores 5.5 to 6.5 on the Mohs scale and is softer than zirconia or quartz. It is most suitable for earrings and pendants that experience less wear. Extra caution is required for rings.

Can opal discolor or crack?

Yes, opal contains water and can dry out with prolonged exposure to dry air, direct sunlight, or extreme temperature changes. This can lead to discoloration or cracking (crazing). Store opal jewelry in a humid environment and avoid extreme conditions.

Which color opal is the most valuable?

Black opal with a vibrant, full play of color (red, orange, green, blue) is the most valuable variety. Red in the play of color is the rarest and most sought after. Read more on our jewelry wiki for more information about gemstones.