What is Zirconia? Characteristics, Uses, and Differences from Diamond
What is cubic zirconia?
Cubic zirconia — also known as CZ — is a synthetic gemstone used as an affordable alternative to diamond. Due to its striking similarity in brilliance and clarity, cubic zirconia is a popular choice in jewelry. First developed in laboratories in the 1970s, cubic zirconia is a crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂). It scores 8 to 8.5 on the Mohs scale and is available in virtually any color. Explore our cubic zirconia jewelry collection for all colors and styles.
Characteristics of cubic zirconia
Color and clarity — Cubic zirconia is naturally colorless, making it highly suitable as a diamond substitute. By adding metal oxides during production, colored varieties are available in blue, pink, green, yellow, and red. Hardness — 8 to 8.5 on the Mohs scale: durable for daily wear, but softer than diamond (10). Luster and sparkle — Cubic zirconia has a high refractive index and strong dispersion, which gives it brilliant sparkle and a "rainbow effect." Synthetic — Cubic zirconia is entirely produced in laboratories and is available worldwide without relying on mining.
Uses of cubic zirconia in jewelry
Cubic zirconia is widely used in affordable jewelry and haute couture designs as a high-quality alternative to diamond. Popular applications include engagement and wedding rings, earrings for both formal and daily occasions, and elegant bracelets and pendants. Combine with matching gift jewelry for a personal and stylish present.
Difference between cubic zirconia and zircon
Cubic zirconia and zircon are often confused but are different materials. Cubic zirconia is a synthetic stone (zirconium dioxide) made in laboratories as a diamond imitation. Zircon is a natural gemstone that occurs in various colors and is valued for its brilliant play of light. Zircon is rarer and more valuable than cubic zirconia.
Frequently asked questions about cubic zirconia
- How do you distinguish cubic zirconia from diamond?
- Cubic zirconia is heavier than diamond of the same size. Diamond is harder (10 on Mohs) and more durable. Cubic zirconia has a stronger rainbow effect (dispersion) than diamond. A gemologist can confirm the difference with specialized equipment.
- Is cubic zirconia suitable for daily wear?
- Yes, with a hardness of 8 to 8.5, cubic zirconia is durable enough for daily wear. Be careful with bumps and scratches to maintain its sparkle. Extra caution is advised for rings.
- How do I care for cubic zirconia jewelry?
- Clean with a soft cloth and lukewarm water. Avoid harsh cleaning agents and ultrasonic cleaners — these can dull its luster. Store separately from harder stones to prevent scratching.
- Can cubic zirconia change color?
- Cubic zirconia may become slightly less brilliant over time due to the accumulation of dirt and soap. Regular cleaning keeps its sparkle. The color itself does not change.
- Is cubic zirconia the same as a birthstone?
- Cubic zirconia is used as a synthetic birthstone in all colors of the months. Learn more on our cubic zirconia birthstone encyclopedia page.